History of Tibet ()

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History of Tibet

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黎朝 could free Vietnam (Dai Viêt 大越) Chinese troops. The Ming government and Buddhist institutions had intense relations with the different dukedoms ("daimyats") of Japan. Likewise, Buddhist monks traveled to Tibet and India.The most important demonstration of Ming authority were the expeditions of the 15th century, lead by the eunuch general Zheng He 鄭和 "Sanbao Taijian" 三保太監. Since the Song Dynasty, Chinese open sea junks could reach the coasts of the Southeast Asian archipelago and even Ceylon (modern Sri Lanka) and India. The Zheng He expeditions even reached Persia, Arabia and East Africa.The succesful reoccupation of proper China until the end of 14th century was stopped at these traditional frontiers by the restrenghened nomad peoples. The Great Wall (Changcheng 長城) was rebuild and refortified in the mid of 15th century. A further cause for the redrawal of the Ming government the international stage were the attacks of Japanese pirates (Wokou 倭寇; Japanese: Wako) along the whole east coast. Among these pirates, smugglers and "grey" merchants were also Chinese outlaws and people Southeast Asia. The problem of piracy was - and is! - notoric for times when an intensive and profitable shipping (trade between China, Southeast Asia, Japan and Korea) coincides with economic recession and social problems for the lower part of the society. Pirates of the 16th century attacked all import